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Physics World marks the 50th anniversary of Hofstadter's butterfly, the fractal energy spectrum Douglas Hofstadter predicted in 1976 for electrons in a lattice under a magnetic field. The pattern, once purely theoretical, has become central to modern experiments in graphene and other two-dimensional materials, where researchers can now observe its intricate structure directly.

North Carolina kicker Verhoff will play a fifth season for the Tar Heels following a court ruling in his favor. The decision clears the way for his return to the team, a development welcomed by fans eager for continuity in the kicking game ahead of the upcoming college football season.